![]() ![]() After that, the germination rate may start to go down. Artichoke seeds will remain viable for 1 year if stored in a cool, dark place, ideally between 4 and 10⁰C. Artichokes are considered perennials in tropical regions, but in colder climates, they can be grown as annuals when started indoors. The artichoke as we know it today is a domesticated variety of the wild cardoon, which is originally native to the Mediterranean area. Buds bruise easily, so leave a stub of a stem to handle when harvesting. In mid to late summer, harvest upright buds before they begin to open and flower. Well-watered plants will produce large buds. Be gentle, so as not to disturb the main taproot in the transplanting process. Incorporation of compost before planting will improve soil composition, water retention and nutrient availability. ![]() Artichokes prefer fertile, well-drained soil. When the danger of frost has passed, transplant into the garden in rows about 1 m apart. It’s important not to bring back into a warm greenhouse, use only a cold porch or garage. Only bring the plants in if temperatures dip below freezing. This exposure to the cold must last for at least a couple weeks. To achieve this, young plants must be transferred outside in March/April to experience the seasonal temperatures. The idea is to trick the plant into thinking it is enduring a winter and that there is a second spring on the other side of the wintry weather. Make sure the ambient temperature is cool and stays above freezing keep roots warm with heating mats if possible.Īrtichoke plants must experience the process of vernalization in order to produce edible buds within a single growing season. ![]() Once seedlings are well established, move them into a greenhouse or hoop house. Ideal soil temperature for germination is 24☌. The architectural good looks of artichokes means the plants are perfect for the back of a border. Plant the seeds at a depth of 2 cm in a deep starter pot to provide space for the plant’s taproot to develop. Choose an open, sunny spot with well-drained soil. Technically a perennial, artichokes need some special treatment in order to produce year one in a cold climate. Get a head start and ensure that you reap the desired flower buds by starting seeds indoors, under lights in late January/early February. ![]()
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